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Nagaon City

A Comprehensive Travel Guide

Nagaon, a bustling city located in the heart of Assam, is a destination that seamlessly blends history, culture, and natural beauty. Situated approximately 120 kilometers east of Guwahati, Nagaon is known for its rich heritage, serene landscapes, and vibrant culture. Whether you're a history enthusiast, nature lover, or simply seeking a peaceful getaway, Nagaon offers a diverse array of attractions that cater to every traveler's interests.

Historical Significance

Nagaon, historically known as Nowgong, holds a significant place in Assam's history. The region was once a part of the ancient kingdom of Kamarupa and later the Ahom dynasty. The city's name is believed to have originated from "Naga" (serpent) and "Aon" (hill), reflecting its connection to the nearby Naga Hills. The city's historical legacy is evident in its ancient temples, monuments, and relics, which stand as a testament to its glorious past.

Bordowa Satra

One of the most important historical and religious sites in Nagaon is the Bordowa Satra, the birthplace of Srimanta Sankardev, the 15th-century saint and social reformer who founded the Neo-Vaishnavite movement in Assam. The Satra, established by Sankardev himself, is a spiritual and cultural center that attracts pilgrims and tourists alike. The serene surroundings, coupled with the rich cultural heritage, make Bordowa Satra a must-visit for anyone exploring Nagaon.

Natural Beauty

Nagaon's natural beauty is another reason why this city stands out as a travel destination. The city is surrounded by lush green forests, pristine rivers, and picturesque landscapes that offer a tranquil escape from the hustle and bustle of urban life.

Kaziranga National Park

Located just a short drive from Nagaon, Kaziranga National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most famous wildlife sanctuaries in India. Home to the one-horned rhinoceros, the park is a haven for wildlife enthusiasts and nature lovers. Visitors can embark on jeep safaris, elephant rides, and boat rides to explore the park's diverse flora and fauna. The park's proximity to Nagaon makes it a convenient base for those looking to explore this natural wonder. READ MORE

Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary

Another gem near Nagaon is the Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, known for its dense population of one-horned rhinoceroses. The sanctuary is smaller than Kaziranga but offers a more intimate wildlife experience. Birdwatchers will also find Pobitora a paradise, with over 200 species of birds recorded in the area. The sanctuary's proximity to Nagaon makes it an ideal day trip for nature enthusiasts. READ MORE

The Kolong River

Flowing through the heart of Nagaon, the Kolong River is an integral part of the city's natural landscape. The river offers picturesque views, especially during sunrise and sunset, making it a popular spot for locals and tourists alike. The riverbanks are perfect for leisurely walks, picnics, and photography, providing a serene backdrop to the city's bustling life.

Cultural Heritage

Nagaon is a cultural melting pot, with a rich tradition of art, music, and dance. The city's cultural heritage is deeply rooted in the Neo-Vaishnavite movement, which has left a lasting impact on the region's art and culture.

Assamese Music and Dance

Nagaon is renowned for its contribution to Assamese music and dance. The city has produced many notable artists, including the legendary Dr. Bhupen Hazarika, who is often referred to as the "Bard of the Brahmaputra." The city's cultural centers and institutions continue to promote traditional Assamese music and dance forms, such as Bihu, Sattriya, and Ankia Naat, keeping the cultural heritage alive.

Local Festivals

Festivals are an integral part of Nagaon's cultural fabric. The city comes alive during Bihu, the most important festival of Assam, celebrated with great fervor and enthusiasm. Other festivals like Durga Puja, Eid, and Christmas are also celebrated with equal zeal, reflecting the city's diverse cultural landscape. These festivals offer a glimpse into the rich cultural traditions of Nagaon and provide an opportunity for visitors to experience the local way of life.

Cuisine

No visit to Nagaon is complete without indulging in its delectable cuisine. The city's food scene is a delightful mix of traditional Assamese flavors and modern culinary trends.

Traditional Assamese Cuisine

Nagaon offers a variety of traditional Assamese dishes that are a treat for the taste buds. Must-try dishes include Masor Tenga (a tangy fish curry), Pitika (a mashed vegetable or fish dish), and Poitabhat (fermented rice). The city's local markets and eateries serve these dishes in their authentic form, providing a true taste of Assam.

Street Food

Nagaon's street food scene is vibrant and diverse, with stalls offering a wide range of snacks and delicacies. Popular street foods include Pani Puri, Jhalmuri (spicy puffed rice), and Chowmein. The bustling markets and streets of Nagaon come alive in the evenings, with locals and tourists enjoying these flavorful treats.

Local Markets and Shopping

Nagaon is a shopper's delight, offering a variety of traditional handicrafts, textiles, and souvenirs. The city's local markets are vibrant and colorful, providing a glimpse into the daily life of the locals.

Missa Market

One of the most famous markets in Nagaon is the Missa Market, known for its wide range of products, from fresh produce to traditional Assamese textiles. The market is a great place to shop for souvenirs, including handwoven Gamochas (traditional Assamese towels), bamboo crafts, and locally made pottery.

Haibargaon Market

Another popular shopping destination is the Haibargaon Market, known for its variety of goods, including clothing, accessories, and household items. The market is also a great place to sample local street food and snacks while shopping.

Accommodation and Hospitality

Nagaon offers a range of accommodation options, catering to different budgets and preferences. From luxury hotels to budget guesthouses, the city's hospitality sector ensures a comfortable stay for all visitors.

Luxury Hotels

For those seeking luxury and comfort, Nagaon has several well-appointed hotels that offer modern amenities and excellent service. These hotels provide a relaxing retreat after a day of exploring the city and its surroundings.

Budget Accommodation

Budget travelers will find plenty of affordable guesthouses and lodges in Nagaon. These establishments offer basic amenities and a cozy atmosphere, making them a great option for those looking to explore the city without breaking the bank.

Getting Around

Nagaon is well-connected by road and offers various modes of transportation for getting around the city.

Public Transport

The city has a reliable network of buses and auto-rickshaws that make getting around convenient and affordable. For those looking to explore the city at their own pace, renting a car or a bicycle is also an option.

Taxis and Car Rentals

Taxis and car rental services are readily available in Nagaon, providing a comfortable and hassle-free way to explore the city's attractions.

Conclusion

Nagaon is a city that has something for everyone. Whether you're interested in exploring its rich history, immersing yourself in its natural beauty, or experiencing its vibrant culture, Nagaon promises a memorable and enriching experience. As a gateway to some of Assam's most iconic destinations, Nagaon is a must-visit for anyone looking to explore the heart of Assam.

For travelers seeking to discover the true essence of Assam, Nagaon offers an authentic experience that beautifully encapsulates the state's charm and diversity.

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Assam History

Assam is the eastern most sentinel of India endowed with enchanting and picturesque natural beauty. The State is adorned with beautiful lush covers of greenery, a chain of hills and rivers mainly the Brahmaputra and the Barak. It has been the living place of various races, tribes and ethnic groups since time immemorial. The dynamics of synthesis and assimilation of the races make Assam glorified and rich.

There are several opinions to the origin of the name “Assam”. In the ancient Sanskrit literature both the names ‘Pragjyotisha’ and ‘Kamrupa’ were used as designation for ancient Assam. Its antiquity can be established from the fact that it has been mentioned in the two great epics- The Mahabharata and the Ramayana and also in the Puranas. Regarding the name ‘Prajyotisha’ or ‘Pragjyotishpura’, Gait (1992, reprint) writes that Prag means ‘former’ or ‘eastern’ and Jyotisha ‘a star’, astrology, shining. Pragjyotishpur may, therefore, be taken to mean the ‘City of Eastern Astrology’.

References of Kamarupa are found in literature as well as in many epigraphs. The mythology regarding the origin of the name Kamarupa tells us the story of Sati who died due to the discourtesy shown to her husband by her father Daksha. Overcame by grief, Shiva carried her dead body and wandered throughout the world. In order to put a stop to this, Vishnu used his discus to cut the body into pieces, which then fell into different places. One such piece fell down on Nilachal hills near Gauhati and the place was henceforth held sacred as Kamakhya. But Shiva’s penance did not stop, so the Gods sent Kamdev, the cupid to break his penance by making him fall in love. Kamdev succeeded in his mission, but Siva enraged at this result, burnt Kamdev to ashes. Kamdev eventually regained his original form here and from then onward the country came to be known as Kamarupa (Where Kama regained his Rupa or form).

The name ‘Aham’ or ‘Asom’ was probably given by the Ahoms who came to Assam in 1228 A.D. Even though the origin is ambiguous but it is believed that the modern name Assam is itself an anglicization.

The Ahom’s entered Assam fully assimilated and ruled Assam for nearly six hundred years. The period of Ahom rule is a glorious chapter in the history of Assam. The Ahom dynasty was established by Sukaphaa, a Shan prince of Mong Mao who came to Assam after crossing the Patkai Mountains. It is between 13th and 19th century that several tribal communities also came into the historical forefront of Assam. Kacharis, Chutias and Koch were the prominent tribal groups that were found in the medieval times of Assam. The rule of this dynasty ended with the Burmese invasion of Assam and the subsequent annexation by the British East India Company following the Treaty of Yandaboo in 1826. The British emperor took charge of the state and thus begun the colonial era of Assam.

Assam lost much of its territory to new states that emerged from within its borders. The British annexed Cachar in 1832 and Jaintia Hills in 1835. In 1874, Assam became a separate province with Shillong as its capital. Sylhet was merged with East Bengal on partition of India. With the partition and independence of India in 1947, the district of Sylhet (excluding the Karimganj subdivision) was ceded to Pakistan (the eastern portion of which later became Bangladesh).

However, like all other states of India, Assam was also involved in various freedom movements. With the enthusiastic participation of many courageous activists Assam, Assam became a constituent state of India in 1950. It saw further reduction of its area when Dewangiri in North Kamrupa was ceded to Bhutan in 1951. The capital of Assam was formerly Shillong (now the capital of Meghalaya), and later shifted to Dispur, a suburb of Guwahati, in 1972. The States of Meghalaya, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram got their own separate states.

The history of Assam has passed several stages of development to reach to its present state. The history of Assam can be divided into four eras. The ancient era began in the 4th century with the mention of Kamarupa in Samudragupta's inscriptions on the Allahabad pillar and the establishment of the Kamarupa kingdom. The medieval era began with the attacks from the Bengal Sultanate, the first of which took place in 1206 by Bakhtiyar Khilji as mentioned in the Kanai-boroxiboa rock inscription, after the breakup of the ancient kingdom and the sprouting of medieval kingdoms and chieftain-ships in its place. The colonial era began with the establishment of British control after the Treaty of Yandaboo in 1826, and the post-colonial era began in 1947 after the Independence of India.

The first Governor of independent Assam was Sir Muhammad Saleh Akbar Hydari and Chief Minister was Gopinath Bordoloi who witnessed the foundations laid of Gauhati University (1948), Gauhati High Court (1948) and Guwahati station of All India Radio (AIR). When Gopinath Bordoloi passed away in 1950, Bishnu Ram Medhi took over as the next Chief Minister of Assam. During his tenure from 1950 to 1957, the First Five-Year Plan was started, Panchayat system of governance was introduced and the agricultural sector got more importance.

Bimla Prasad Chaliha was the third chief minister from 1957 to 1970. In 1958th the 66th session of Congress was held at Jalukbari, Guwahati. The Saraighat Bridge was constructed over the Brahmaputra river (1965), an Oil refinery was established at Noonmati, Guwahati in 1962 during his time. In 1959-60 the famous language revolt took place in Assam, and as a result Assamese became the official language of the State and Bengali also enjoyed the same status in the Cachar District of Barak Valley.

Mohendra Mohan Choudhury assumed the mantle of chief minister in 1970. The foundation of Bongaigaon Petro-Chemicals, Paper Mill at Jogighopa and Jute factory at Silghat in Nagaon were laid in his tenure. In 1972 Sarat Chandra Sinha came to power after Congress secured absolute majority. In 1974 the capital was finally shifted to Dispur in Guwahati.

The Assam Movement (1979-1985) was a popular movement against illegal immigrants in Assam. The movement, led by All Assam Students Union (AASU) and the All Assam Gana Sangram Parishad (AAGSP), developed a program of protests and demonstration to compel the Indian government to identify and expel illegal, (mostly Bangladeshisi), immigrants and protect and provide constitutional, legislative and administrative safeguards to the indigenous Assamese people. The agitation programs were largely non-violent, but the Nellie massacre was a case of extreme violence. The agitation program ended in August 1985 following the Assam Accord, which was signed by leaders of AASU-AAGSP and the Government of India.

The Assam Accord (1985) was a Memorandum of Settlement (MoS) signed between representatives of the Government of India and the leaders of the Assam Movement in New Delhi on 15 August 1985. A six-year agitation demanding identification and deportation of illegal immigrants was launched by the All Assam Students’ Union (AASU) in 1979. It culminated with the signing of the Assam Accord.

Today Assam has an area of 78,438 square kilometers. It consists of thirty three districts and is credited to be the most populous state in the entire Northeast India.

Detail View About Assam on Assam State Portal

Data Reference fron Assam State Portal :- https://assam.gov.in/about-us/394